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The term Common Turkic Alphabet can refer to two different systems using the Latin alphabet to write various Turkic languages. The old system was developed in the Soviet Union and used in the 1930s; the current system is an alphabet with 34 letters recognized by the Turkic Council.〔Türk Keneş ve Türk Dünyasının 34 Harfli Ortak Alfabe Sistemi - (Abdülvahap Kara )〕 Its letters are as follows: * Long forms of vowels are shown with a circumflex (in Turkish): Â, Ê, Î, Ô, Û. ==Classification of Turkic sounds== Turkic languages and their writings are largely phonetic, meaning that the pronunciation of a word can usually be derived from its spelling. For example Turkish orthography is highly regular and a word's pronunciation is always completely determined by its spelling. This rule excludes recent loanwords such as names. The vowels of the Turkic languages are, in their alphabetical order, , and , , , , , , .〔The vowel represented by is also commonly transcribed as in linguistic literature.〕 |} * Semi-vowels (''Glottal Letters'') are shown with a breve (or caron in Chuvash): Ă, Ĕ, Ĭ, Ŏ, Ŭ. * The /θ/ phoneme (Latin Š or Ť, Arabic ث, Cyrillic Ҫ) is only present in the Bashkir language. * The /ð/ phoneme (Latin Ž or Ď, Arabic ذ, Cyrillic Ҙ) is only present in the Bashkir language. * Ä is sometimes written as Əə or Эə (Latin glyphs).〔ИЗ ИСТОРИИ ПИСЬМА АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНСКИХ ТЮРКОВ, Мансур Рахбари (Южный Азербайджан, Иран), Bextiyartuncay. (Э(ə) harfi için örnek ) - ''"э(ə)СРи : леорард ( Китаб аль – Идрак ли – Лисан аль – Атрак ), тигр (Махмуд Кашгари)''"〕〔Eesti Keele Instituut / Institute of the Estonian Language KNAB: Kohanimeandmebaas / Place Names Database, Taadi / Tat / Жугьури Džuhuri latinisatsioon / romanization: KNAB 2012-09-30 - (Notes-2: ) ''"In the earlier Azerbaijani Cyrillic there were variations: ə (= э)."''〕〔Examples: ''Ämäk/Эmək/Əmək, Ämir/Эmir/Əmir, Äsas/Əsas/Эsas...''〕 * The phonemes /t͡s/ (Ț) and /d͡z/ (Ḑ) are represented in the Lipka Tatars Belarusian Arabic alphabet.〔Ilya Yevlampiev, Karl Pentzlin and Nurlan Joomagueldinov, N4072 Revised Proposal to encode Arabic characters used for Bashkir, Belarusian, Crimean Tatar, and Tatar languages, ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2, 20 May 2011. ()〕〔Janka Stankievic. Mova rukapisu Al Kitab. Casc I. Fonetyka. New York 1954〕〔Вольскі В. Асноўныя прынцыпы арабскай транскрыпцыі беларускага тэксту ў "Кітабах". "Узвышша" 1927. №6〕 * Some handwritten letters have variant forms. For example: Čč=Jj, Ķķ=Ⱪⱪ, and Ḩḩ=Ⱨⱨ.〔Lorna A. Priest, Proposal to Encode Additional Latin Orthographic Characters for Uighur Latin Alphabet, 2005〕 *ٯ = ق (representing /q/) or ڨ (representing /ɢ/). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Common Turkic Alphabet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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